树莓派4B属于ARM架构，想要在上面安装MySQL，必须选择适配ARM平台的MySQL Docker镜像。MySQL官方出了一个可以在ARM平台上运行的镜像：https://registry.hub.docker.com/r/mysql/mysql-server
$ docker pull mysql/mysql-server:8.0.27-aarch64
这里使用Docker-compose运行，编辑docker-compose.yaml内容如下：
version: "3"
services:
mysql-server:
image: mysql/mysql-server:8.0.27-aarch64
container_name: mysql-server
ports:
- "3306:3306"
environment:
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: root_pass
volumes:
- "/xxx/docker/volumes/mysql-server/data:/var/lib/mysql"
restart: always
启动MySQL docker容器：
$ docker-compose up -d mysql-server
使用命令docker logs -f mysql-server查看MySQL服务器日志，看到ready for connections字样就说明成功运行起来了。MySQL默认仅支持本地localhost连接，需要设置MySQL开启支持远程连接，步骤如下。
执行docker exec -ti mysql-server bash命令进入MySQL容器中，然后使用mysql命令连接MySQL：mysql -h localhost -P 3306 -u root -proot_pass。成功连接上后，给root用户授权远程连接：
mysql> USE mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> SELECT user, host FROM user;
+------------------+-----------+
| user | host |
+------------------+-----------+
| healthchecker | localhost |
| mysql.infoschema | localhost |
| mysql.session | localhost |
| mysql.sys | localhost |
| root | localhost |
+------------------+-----------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> UPDATE user SET host='%' WHERE user = 'root';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> SELECT user, host FROM user;
+------------------+-----------+
| user | host |
+------------------+-----------+
| root | % |
| healthchecker | localhost |
| mysql.infoschema | localhost |
| mysql.session | localhost |
| mysql.sys | localhost |
+------------------+-----------+
5 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
成功执行UPDATE user SET host='%' WHERE user = 'root';之后记得执行FLUSH PRIVILEGES;刷新权限！
MySQL8之后，用户管理和权限管理跟之前版本命令的使用方式有所不同，参考官方说明：https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/grant.html
参考：